Tatami, a representative feature of Japanese architecture, is more than just a flooring material; it is deeply rooted in Japanese living. Its soft texture, fragrance, and feel are unmatched by any other flooring. In this section, we will explore the structure and characteristics of tatami, and how its charm brings comfort to spaces. What is the world of tatami, where tradition lives on?
1. The Basic Structure and Materials of Tatami
Tatami is a traditional Japanese flooring made up of three main components: tatami omote (the surface), tatami doko (the core), and tatami beri (the edges).
Tatami Omote (Surface)
Tatami omote is the surface layer of the tatami, woven from a plant called igusa (rush). Igusa has the ability to regulate humidity, making it an ideal material for Japan's humid climate. Additionally, igusa has a natural fragrance, which is one of the significant charms of tatami.
Tatami Doko (Core)
Tatami doko is the core part of the tatami, made from materials like straw or urethane. The traditional straw version has excellent breathability and absorbs moisture, creating a comfortable indoor environment. Nowadays, lightweight and durable tatami doko made from urethane materials are common.
Tatami Omote: The Surface of Tatami
Tatami Doko: The Core of Tatami
Tatami Beri (Edges)
Tatami beri is the fabric that surrounds the edges of the tatami, playing an important role in adding design elements. Depending on the region and the design of the house, colors and patterns are chosen, which can significantly change the impression of the tatami.
2. The Comfort and Functionality Created by Tatami
Soft Texture
The greatest charm of tatami lies in its soft texture. The igusa of tatami omote has just the right amount of elasticity, gently supporting the body when sitting or lying down. Especially in the Japanese lifestyle, where sitting for long periods is common, this softness is beneficial for the legs and back. Additionally, when lounging, the gentle sensation of tatami enhances the feeling of relaxation.
Moisture Regulation Function
Igusa has the property of absorbing moisture and releasing it during dry periods. This allows for a comfortable space even in the high humidity of summer. Additionally, during the dry winter months, tatami releases moisture, stabilizing the room's humidity and creating a more pleasant environment. This moisture regulation function enables the indoor space to remain comfortable naturally, without relying on air conditioning or humidifiers, making it environmentally friendly.
Fragrance and Relaxation Effects
The fragrance of tatami comes from the natural igusa. This scent is said to have a relaxing effect, calming both the mind and body. Particularly, the unique aroma felt upon entering a tatami room is one of the symbolic features of a Japanese-style room. In today's stressful society, the soothing effects of tatami's fragrance are a significant attraction.
3. The Design of Tatami and Its Use in Modern Homes
Japanese-Style Rooms and Tatami
Tatami is an essential element of Japanese rooms, highlighting the characteristics of traditional architecture. In a traditional Japanese room, tatami harmonizes with other elements such as the tokonoma (alcove), shoji (sliding doors), and fusuma (sliding partitions), providing a serene space. By placing tatami in the center of the room, it brings warmth and tranquility to the entire area, making it an ideal setting for quiet moments.
Utilization of Tatami in Modern Homes
In modern residences, tatami is being utilized to leverage its unique charm. For example, creating a tatami corner in a living room can incorporate a Japanese atmosphere. Additionally, a slightly elevated "koagari tatami" space serves as a convenient idea with built-in storage functions. Furthermore, placing tatami over flooring can provide a natural warmth to the entire room.
Tatami Arrangements and Modern Materials
Today, tatami made from artificial materials designed for durability and ease of maintenance have emerged, making it easier for busy modern individuals to incorporate tatami into their lives. These artificial tatami options come in a variety of colors and designs, many of which match modern interiors, allowing them to fit a wide range of styles, whether Japanese or Western.
Summary
Tatami is not just a flooring material; it is a uniquely Japanese substance that brings comfort and functionality to spaces. Its soft texture, moisture-regulating function, and fragrance adapt to modern living, providing a pleasant lifestyle. Next time, we will introduce the connection with nature and the healing space created by "engawa and gardens" in traditional architecture.
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